The Protection & Importance of Birds in the UK
There are around 246 species of birds recorded in the UK, many of which have played a significant role in British culture. A prime example is our national bird, the humble Robin, which is closely linked to the Christmas festivities.
Birds have long been highly regarded in the UK, from birdwatching to conservation efforts. This respect is reflected in the protection they receive under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981, with some rare and vulnerable species being granted even higher levels of protection for their nests, eggs, and young.
What is the Bird Nesting Season and When Does It Occur?
When spring arrives, it marks the start of nest building for birds and other wildlife. The bird nesting season typically runs from February to August, with the busiest period occurring between March and July, when food is more abundant, and the weather is warmer. However, this timing can vary depending on weather conditions and the species of bird.
Some UK birds, such as the wood pigeon, nest earlier or even all year round. Birds that nest earlier do so to take advantage of available resources – the early bird catches the worm. Examples include the Tawny Owl, Long-tailed Tit, Grey Heron, and Long-eared Owl. Although early nesting is a natural behaviour for some species, the British Trust for Ornithology has shown that climate change is causing many birds to breed up to 31 days earlier than in the 1960s. This can be risky, as birds may struggle to find food if resources aren’t ready when they need them. For instance, chicks may be ready to feed before insects have emerged.
Where Do Birds Nest?
Hedgerows are excellent nesting sites for birds such as Bullfinches, Linnets, and Dunnocks, as well as other wildlife like hedgehogs searching for worms and bats hunting insects. In fact, hedges can support up to 130 priority species listed in the England Biodiversity Action Plan.
This is why it’s important to consider trimming hedges in winter, when birds have most likely migrated away. However, some species still nest during the winter, so it’s crucial to check for active nests beforehand.
Ground nesting sites are often overlooked but are just as important for birds like Skylarks and Curlews, which build fragile nests on the ground, often hidden in long grass or heathlands. Nightjars, for example, lay their eggs directly on the ground. Ground nesting leaves birds vulnerable to predators, so they’ve evolved excellent camouflage to go undetected. However, human disturbance remains a threat, as it can cause birds to flee their nests. To minimize this, avoid letting dogs off the lead during nesting season and stick to footpaths.
How Can We Help?
There are many ways to support birds in your garden and green spaces during the nesting season. Installing bird boxes or bricks provides safe nesting spots and helps maintain and increase populations of rare or threatened species.
Providing high-energy food, fresh water, and nesting materials can also support birds during this challenging time when natural food sources may be scarce.
It’s important to avoid cutting trees and hedges during the nesting period and to steer clear of areas where birds may be nesting. If birds sense their nest has been discovered by potential predators (including humans), they may abandon it and have to start over.
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Bird Nesting Season
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